Several billion cubic metres of earth will be moved and countless tons of concrete laid.Canal construction.jpg The South-North water transfer is one of the largest infrastructure projects which have ever been realised in China. For the ambitious canal constructions, also MOBA’s excavator system Xsite® LINK is in use.

The canal construction project was initiated by the Chinese government to deal with the scarcity of water in the northern part of the country. In Beijing alone, with its more than 20 million inhabitants, the groundwater level has sunk by around one and a half metres annually in the last few years. That means that it is getting harder and harder to supply the growing metropolis with sufficient water. Water transfer from the wet south to the dry northern Chinese plains, the so-called "South-North water transfer project", is meant to help remedy this situation. This construction project will include the building of new canals in three routes with a total length of several thousand kilometres.

The middle route will be more than 1200 kilometres long. It is the most important route and also the most difficult to build, since in addition to raising a dam, rivers have to be crossed and different types of rocks and soil exist here. The construction companies involved, Sinohydro Bureau 11 Co. Ltd and Military Police Hydroelectricity, are relying on technical support for the challenging earthworks: They equipped their excavators with the MOBA Xsite® LINK excavator system, which makes the earthwork visible and measurable. Because accurate preparatory work is particularly important under these difficult conditions so that the water will be able flow through the future canal and pipe system.

"When constructing the canals, the correct slope must be maintained as early as in the earthwork stage, both when working on the river bed and on the embankments. That is why our excavators must work precisely. For this reason, we use the LINK excavator system; with it, you can see exactly how deep and at which incline work is done"", says Zhang Gong, section chief of Sinohydro Bureau 11 Co. Ltd’s equipment department.

Exact measurement values for exact target level

The sensors of the excavator system which are attached to the bucket, stick, boom and chassis, record the respective incline angle. They calculate the excavation depth, the incline and the range of the bucket.

The reference height is specified by a laser beam which is detected by the laser receiver on the excavator arm. The laser receiver also compensates for changes in height which occur when the excavator moves or sinks into the ground so that the reference height is known at all times and the excavator operator can work in accordance with the specifications.

The information from the sensors is immediately processed and represented in real-time as a profile or as a three-dimensional illustration on the panel in the vehicle cab. ""This is how we prevent errors and can deliver very good and precise work results, even with the most complex projects"". When doing so, work must be done precisely down to the last millimetre. ""Otherwise, if the specifications are not met, we have to make subsequent corrections. That can be expensive and costs a lot of money, and we may not be able to stick to the schedule"", explains Zhang Gong. In addition to the costs for material, the operating expenses of the excavator would rise due to increasing fuel costs.

Quick training, simple handling of the system

Since a large number of people and machines are involved in such a project, it is advantageous when the employees can be trained quickly. ""With the system, I can help new excavator operators become qualified employees without a long training period"", says Zhang Gong. ""If, for example, the display shows at which depth the bucket is currently excavating, the operators can immediately see what still has to be done and how deep they have to excavate"", he explains. Previously, the excavator operator had to constantly interrupt the work process, climb out of the cab and make manual measurements, or another worker had to measure the depth - now, the operator can work without interruption. ""With this system, we work faster and much more productively. In the same amount of time, we can do about 30 percent more work"", states the equipment department’s chief. The excavator also functions smoothly at night and underwater, since the bucket position is displayed accurately on the 7-inch display, which is also visible in the dark, and the sturdy sensors can be used for underwater work.

Since costs rise for every day a machine stands idle at a construction site, it is important for the construction company that the machine is always available – there's no time for tedious installation and set-up work. ""But that was no problem with this system; it is incredibly easy to install and operate"", explains Zhang Gong, who is very happy with the performance and features of the system.

Construction time until 2050

After completion, up to around 45 billion cubic metres of water are to be diverted annually through the new canals. By 2012, the costs were around 27 billion dollars, 11 billion cubic metres of earth were moved and 22 million cubic metres of concrete laid. The project began in 2002, and its target completion date is 2050.